Recent reports indicate Israeli special forces and Mossad conducted limited ground operations inside Iran as early as March 2026, primarily to support intelligence and target nuclear or missile infrastructure during the broader U.S.-Israeli air campaign. These actions followed major airstrikes in Operations Rising Lion and Roaring Lion, which degraded Iranian air defenses, missile production, and enrichment sites. As of mid-September 2026, no large-scale ground invasion has been officially confirmed by Israel, with activity limited to targeted strikes on rebuilt defenses and ongoing economic pressure on Tehran. Diplomatic efforts involving the U.S., including talks on nuclear issues and the Strait of Hormuz, alongside military coordination meetings with Arab states, have so far contained escalation, though Iranian rebuilding of missile capabilities and regional tensions could prompt further Israeli responses.