President Trump has repeatedly threatened to invoke the Insurrection Act in response to protests against expanded ICE enforcement operations, most recently in January 2026 following the fatal shooting of a civilian by a federal agent in Minnesota and subsequent clashes in Minneapolis. These statements build on earlier considerations during 2025 border security efforts and anti-deportation demonstrations in cities such as Los Angeles, Portland, and Chicago. Traders weigh the president's unilateral authority under the longstanding statute against institutional checks, including ongoing congressional proposals to narrow its scope and require legislative approval for extended use, as well as potential judicial review. No invocation has occurred to date, leaving the timing dependent on the scale of future domestic unrest tied to immigration policy and any shifts in state-federal tensions.